What is DD (Design Development)?

DD is the phase where a project goes from “Here’s the vision” to “Here’s how we’re actually going to build it.” Instead of rough concepts, teams are now reviewing plans that closely resemble the final construction intent.

Definition

DD, short for Design Development, is a stage in the design process where early ideas begin to take shape as real, coordinated plans. It comes after schematic design (SD) and before construction documents (CD).

Purpose

The purpose of DD is to reduce uncertainty before construction begins. During this phase, the project team refines layouts, systems, materials, budgets, and technical details while identifying potential conflicts early, before they become costly on-site problems. It also helps refine budgets and schedules with greater accuracy.

So, in a nutshell, DD gives contractors, owners, architects, and consultants a much clearer understanding of what the finished project will actually involve.

Examples of Use

Design Development (DD) is used to refine important project details before construction begins. This can include finalizing exterior finishes and cladding, sizing structural elements like beams and columns, coordinating HVAC, plumbing, and electrical systems, defining interior room layouts, selecting materials and finishes, and resolving clashes between different building systems. At this stage, the design becomes much more detailed, coordinated, and ready for construction planning.

Related Terms

Metal Fabrication

Metal Fabrication is the process of cutting, bending, and assembling metal to create structures or components.

L Cut

L Cut is an L-shaped cut made in materials, typically used to fit components around corners or edges.

Quality Assurance

Quality Assurance (QA) is all about making sure a project is done right from the start by following the right processes, standards, and checks to avoid mistakes later.

WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)

A Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a way to break a project down into smaller and more manageable pieces. Instead of looking at a project as one big task, a WBS organizes it into sections, sub-sections, and individual work items.

Notes

The DD phase focuses on refining and coordinating the design in greater detail.
Architects, engineers, consultants, and owners all collaborate heavily during DD.
Many important decisions around systems, materials, and constructability are made during this stage.
A strong DD phase helps reduce change orders, delays, and costly surprises during construction.